This verse, together with verse 21 ("for drunkards and gluttons become poor"), establishes a direct connection between a lack of physical limits and financial/personal ruin.
The Danger of Association ("Do not join")
Solomon knows behavior is contagious. If you spend time with people who live for immediate pleasure (drinking and eating without restraint), excess becomes the group's normal. You start thinking discipline is "boring" and that "kicking the bucket" is really living. The environment shapes the appetite.
Escaping Reality
Drowning yourself in wine and gorging on meat are forms of anesthesia. People who can't handle the pressure of reality look for refuge in sensory pleasure. The problem is that a numbed leader (whether by alcohol, food, or laziness) doesn't make sober decisions.
The Economic Consequence
The text says they "become poor." Why? Because excess is expensive (money spent on the vice) and, worse, it breeds unproductivity. The hangover (physical or moral) of the next day steals your work energy. Whoever doesn't master their stomach will hardly master their wallet.
“O Poder da Autorresponsabilidade” — Paulo Vieira
The self-accountable person doesn't blame "happy hour" or friends for their lack of focus. They understand that saying "no" to excess is an individual choice. Whoever lives chasing momentary pleasures is running from the responsibility of building a solid future.
“Empresas Feitas para Vencer” — Jim Collins
A Culture of Discipline is one of the pillars of great companies. While mediocre companies lived on excess and waste (gorging themselves on resources for bad projects), the winning companies had fanatical discipline. They knew where to spend energy. Disciplined people don't need hierarchy; they govern themselves. Self-control is the greatest management technology that exists.
The fruit of the Spirit listed in Galatians 5:23 ends with "self-control". Jesus, though He took part in feasts and banquets (to the point of being falsely accused of being a glutton), had absolute control over His appetites. In the desert, He refused to turn stones into bread because He knew that the Spirit governs the flesh, not the other way around. Following Christ means having the power to say "no" to the extra plate or the extra glass, preserving the temple of the Holy Spirit.